NASA astronaut Kate Rubins made history in 2016 by sequencing DNA aboard the International Space Station with the handheld MinION device. The experiment proved that genetic material could be analyzed in microgravity, allowing astronauts to identify microbes and potentially diagnose infections without waiting for samples to return to Earth. The breakthrough also laid groundwork for future deep-space missions, where rapid, onboard DNA analysis could become essential for crew health and spacecraft safety.
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